Programming Basics

• Variables: In programming languages variables are simply containers which hold values. Access to variables and the contents of them is through their name, also known as their identifiers.

• Data Types: Data type or simply type is a classification identifying one of various types of data, such as number, int, boolean, character, string etc. that determines the possible values for that type; the operations that can be done on values of that type; the meaning of the data; and the way values of that type can be stored. 

• Loops: In computer programming, a loop is a sequence of instructions that is continually repeated until a certain condition is reached. If, for, foreach, while, do while, switch statement are most common types of loops.

• Class: Class is a type. A class is a collection of objects of a similar type. Once a class is defined, any number of objects can be created which belong to that class. A class is a blueprint, or prototype, that defines the variables and the methods common to all objects of a certain kind. Class can also called the specifications of the objects.

• Object: In the class-based object-oriented programming paradigm, "object" refers to a particular instance of a class where the object can be a combination of variables, functions, and data structures.

• Methods: A method is a code block that contains a series of statements. A program causes the statements to be executed by calling the method and specifying any required method arguments.

(Practice Makes a Man Perfect)